
Introduction
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- Alexander, M.J. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1999: A spectral parameterization of mean-flow forcing due to breaking gravity waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 4167-4182.
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- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1989: The stratospheric major warming of early December 1987. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2863-2884.
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- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1989: Observations and
statistical simulations of a proposed solar cycle/QBO/weather
relationship. Geophys. Res. Lett., 16, 863-866.
PDF (763KB)
- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1991: Quasi-biennial oscillation above 10 mb. Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1205-1208.
PDF (742KB)
- Baldwin, M.P., X. Cheng and T.J. Dunkerton, 1994: Observed
correlations between winter-mean tropospheric and stratospheric
circulation anomalies. Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1141-1144.
PDF (1.78MB)
- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1998: Biennial, quasi-biennial,
and decadal variations of potential vorticity in the northern
stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3919-3928.
PDF (3.66MB)
- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1998: Quasi-biennial modulation of the southern hemisphere stratospheric polar vortex. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3343-3346.
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- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1999: Propagation of the Arctic Oscillation from the stratosphere to the troposphere. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 30,937-30,946.
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- Baldwin, M.P. et al., 2001: The quasi-biennial oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 39, 179-229.
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- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2001: Stratospheric harbingers of anomalous weather regimes. Science, 294, 581-584.
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- Baldwin, M.P. et al., 2003: Stratospheric memory and skill of extended-range weather forecasts. Science, 301, 636-640.
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- Baldwin, M.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2004: The solar cycle and stratosphere-troposphere dynamical coupling. J. Atmos. Solar-Terrestrial Phys., submitted.
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- Cheng, X. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1995: Orthogonal rotation of spatial
patterns derived from singular value decomposition analysis. J. Climate, 8, 2631-2643.
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- Crum, F.X. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1992: Analytic and numerical models of wave-CISK with conditional heating. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1693-1708.
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- Crum, F.X. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1993: CISK and evaporation-wind feedback with conditional heating on an equatorial beta-plane. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 72, 11-18.
- Delisi, D.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1988: Equatorial semiannual
oscillation in zonally averaged temperature observed by the Nimbus 7
SAMS and LIMS. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 3899-3904.
- Delisi, D.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1988: Seasonal variation of the semiannual oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2772-2787.
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- Delisi, D.P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1989: Laboratory observations of gravity wave critical-layer flows. Pure and Appl. Geophys., 130, 445-461.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1978: On the mean meridional mass motions of the stratosphere and mesosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2325-2333.
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- Dunkerton, T.J., 1979: On the role of the Kelvin wave in the westerly phase of the semiannual zonal wind oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 32-41.
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- Dunkerton, T.J., 1980: A Lagrangian mean theory of wave, mean-flow
interaction with applications to nonacceleration and its breakdown. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 18, 387-400.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1981: Wave transience in a compressible atmosphere, part I: transient internal wave, mean-flow interaction. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 281-297.
PDF (1.35MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1981: Wave transience in a compressible
atmosphere, part II: transient equatorial waves in the quasi-biennial
oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 298-307.
PDF (910KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., C.-P.F. Hsu and M.E. McIntyre, 1981: Some Eulerian
and Lagrangian diagnostics for a model stratospheric warming. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 819-843.
PDF (2.08MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1981: On the inertial stability of the equatorial middle atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 2354-2364.
PDF (924KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1982: Curvature diminution in equatorial wave, mean-flow interaction. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 182-186.
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- Dunkerton, T.J., 1982: Shear zone asymmetry in the observed and simulated quasi-biennial oscillations. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 461-469.
PDF (953KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1982: Wave transience in a compressible
atmosphere, part III: the saturation of internal gravity waves in the
mesosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1042-1051.
PDF (765KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1982: The double-diffusive modes of symmetric instability on an equatorial beta-plane. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1653-1657.
PDF (384KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1982: Stochastic parameterization of gravity wave stresses. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1711-1725.
PDF (1.13MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1982: Theory of the mesopause semiannual oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2682-2690.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1983: The evolution of latitudinal shear in Rossby-gravity wave, mean-flow interaction. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 3836-3842.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1983: A nonsymmetric equatorial inertial instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 807-813.
PDF (551KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1983: Laterally-propagating Rossby waves in the
easterly acceleration phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation. Atmos.-Ocean, 21, 55-68.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1983: Modification of stratospheric circulation by trace constituent changes? J. Geophys. Res., 88, 10,831-10,836.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1983: On the conservation of pseudoenergy in Lagrangian time-mean flow. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2623-2629.
PDF (585KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.C. Fritts, 1984: The transient gravity wave
critical layer, part I: convective adjustment and the mean zonal
acceleration. J. Atmos Sci., 41, 992-1007.
PDF (1.21MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and N. Butchart, 1984: Propagation and selective transmission of internal gravity waves in a sudden warming. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 1443-1460.
PDF (1.31MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1984: Inertia-gravity waves in the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3396-3404.
PDF (650KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.P. Delisi, 1985: Climatology of the equatorial lower stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 376-396.
PDF (1.91MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1985: A two-dimensional model of the quasi-biennial oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1151-1160.
PDF (976KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.P. Delisi, 1985: The subtropical mesospheric
jet observed by the Nimbus 7 Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere.
J. Geophys Res., 90, 10,681-10,692.
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.P. Delisi, 1986: Evolution of potential vorticity in the winter stratosphere of January-February 1979. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 1199-1208.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1987: Resonant excitation of hemispheric barotropic instability in the winter mesosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 2239-2251.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1987: Effect of nonlinear instability on gravity wave momentum transport. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3188-3209.
PDF (1.39MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1988: Body force circulation and the Antarctic ozone minimum. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 427-438.
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- Dunkerton, T.J., D.P. Delisi and M.P. Baldwin, 1988: Distribution
of major stratospheric warmings in relation to the quasi-biennial
oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 136-139.
PDF (520KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1989: Theory of internal gravity wave saturation. Pure and Appl. Geophys., 130, 373-397.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1989: Body force circulations in a compressible atmosphere: key concepts. Pure and Appl. Geophys., 130, 243-262.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1989: Nonlinear Hadley circulation driven by asymmetric differential heating. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 956-974.
PDF (1.50MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1989: Eigenfrequencies and horizontal structure of
divergent barotropic instability originating in tropical latitudes. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1288-1301.
PDF (971KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1990: Annual variation of deseasonalized mean flow acceleration in the equatorial lower stratosphere. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 68, 499-508.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1991: Nonlinear propagation of zonal winds in an
atmosphere with Newtonian cooling and equatorial wavedriving. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 236-263.
PDF (2.25MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and M.P. Baldwin, 1991: Quasi-biennial modulation of planetary wave fluxes in the Northern hemisphere winter. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1043-1061.
PDF (1.46MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1991: LIMS observation of traveling planetary
waves and potential vorticity advection in the stratosphere and
mesosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 2813-2834.
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.P. Delisi, 1991: Anomalous temperature and zonal wind in the tropical upper stratosphere, 1982/83. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22,631-22,641.
- Dunkerton, T.J. and F.X. Crum, 1991: Scale selection and propagation of wave-CISK with conditional heating. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 69, 449-458.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1991: Intensity variation and coherence of 3-6 day equatorial waves. Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1469-1472.
- Dunkerton, T.J. and R.E. Robins, 1992: Radiating and nonradiating
modes of secondary instability in a gravity wave critical layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2546-2559.
PDF (1.26MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and R.E. Robins, 1992: Evidence of saturation in a gravity wave critical layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 2560-2563.
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- Dunkerton, T.J. and M.P. Baldwin, 1992: Modes of interannual variability in the stratosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 49-52.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1993: Inertial instability of nonparallel flow on an equatorial beta-plane. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2744-2758.
PDF (1.00MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1993: Observation of 3-6 day meridional wind
oscillations over the tropical Pacific, 1973-1992: vertical structure
and interannual variability. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3292-3307.
PDF (1.16MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and M.P. Baldwin, 1995: Observation of 3-6 day
meridional wind oscillations over the tropical Pacific, 1973-1992:
horizontal structure and propagation. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1585-1601.
PDF (1.18MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and F.X. Crum, 1995: Eastward propagating ~2- to
15-day equatorial convection and its relation to the tropical
intraseasonal oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 25,781-25,790.
PDF (3.69MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1995: Horizontal buoyancy flux of internal gravity waves in vertical shear. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 73, 747-755.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1995: Evidence of meridional motion in the summer lower stratosphere adjacent to monsoon regions. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,675-16,688.
PDF (4.93MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.J. O'Sullivan, 1996: Mixing zone in the tropical stratosphere above 10 mb. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2497-2500.
PDF (15.2MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1997: Shear instability of internal inertia-gravity waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 1628-1641.
PDF (233KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1997: The role of gravity waves in the quasi-biennial oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26,053-26,076.
PDF (8.69MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J. and D.P. Delisi, 1997: Interaction of the quasi-biennial oscillation and stratopause semiannual oscillation. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26,107-26,116.
PDF (4.46MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 1998: Inferences about QBO dynamics from the atmospheric `tape recorder' effect. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 230-246.
PDF (416KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., D.P. Delisi and M.P. Baldwin, 1998: Middle atmosphere cooling trend in historical rocketsonde data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3371-3374.
PDF (20.6MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., D.P. Delisi and M.-P. Lelong, 1998: Alongslope
current generated by obliquely incident internal gravity waves. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3871-3874.
PDF (1.43MB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., P.W. Mote and D.J. O'Sullivan, 1999: Signature of the quasi-biennial oscillation in long-lived trace gases. J. Geophys. Res., in preparation.
- Dunkerton, T.J., 2000: Midwinter deceleration of the subtropical
mesospheric jet and interannual variability of the high-latitude flow
in UKMO analyses. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3838-3855.
PDF (747KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., 2001: Quasi-biennial and subbiennial variations of
stratospheric trace constituents derived from HALOE observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 7-25.
PDF (598KB)
- Dunkerton, T.J., M.J. Alexander and D.C. Fritts, 2004: An estimate
of supersaturation in internal gravity waves for the purpose of
determining an effective turbulent Prandtl number for the mean state. J. Atmos. Sci., in preparation.
- Fritts, D.C. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1984: A quasi-linear study of gravity wave saturation and self-acceleration. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 3272-3289.
PDF (1.42MB)
- Fritts, D.C. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1985: Fluxes of heat and constituents due to convectively unstable gravity waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 549-556.
PDF (656KB)
- Garcia, R.R., T.J. Dunkerton, R.S. Lieberman and R.A. Vincent,
1997: Climatology of the semiannual oscillation of the tropical middle
atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26,019-26,032.
PDF (5.44MB)
- Gray, L.J. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1990: The role of the seasonal cycle in the quasi-biennial oscillation of ozone. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2429-2451.
PDF (1.74MB)
- Gray, L.J. et al., 2001: A data study of the influence of the
equatorial upper stratosphere on northern hemisphere stratospheric
sudden warmings. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1985-2003.
- Gray, L.J., E.F. Drysdale, T.J. Dunkerton and B.N. Lawrence, 2001:
Model studies of the interannual variability of the northern-hemisphere
stratospheric winter circulation: the role of the quasi-biennial
oscillation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1413-1432.
- Holton, J.R. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1978: On the role of wave transience and dissipation in stratospheric mean flow vacillations. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 740-744.
PDF (468KB)
- Imamura, T., T. Horinouchi and T.J. Dunkerton, 2004: The lateral
transport of zonal momentum due to Kelvin waves in a meridional
circulation. J. Atmos. Sci., in press.
- Lelong, M.-P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1998: Inertia-gravity wavebreaking in three dimensions, part 1: convectively stable waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2473-2488.
PDF (1.10MB)
- Lelong, M.-P. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1998: Inertia-gravity wavebreaking in three dimensions, part 2: convectively unstable waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 2489-2501.
PDF (985KB)
- Mote, P.W. et al., 1998: Vertical velocity, vertical diffusion, and
dilution by midlatitude air in the tropical lower stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8651-8666.
PDF (24.3MB)
- Mote, P.W., T.J. Dunkerton and H.C. Pumphrey, 1998: Subseasonal variations in lower stratospheric water vapor. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2445-2448.
PDF (973KB)
- Mote, P.W., H.L. Clark, T.J. Dunkerton, R.S. Harwood and H.C.
Pumphrey, 2000: Intraseasonal variations of water vapor in the tropical
upper troposphere and tropopause region. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17,457-17,470.
PDF (8.20MB)
- Mote, P.W., T.J. Dunkerton and D. Wu, 2002: Kelvin waves in stratospheric temperature observed by the Microwave Limb Sounder. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 10.1029/2001JD001056.
- Mote, P.W. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2002: Kelvin wave signatures in stratospheric trace constituents, part I. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
- Mote, P.W., T.J. Dunkerton and H.C. Pumphrey, 2004: Kelvin wave
signatures in stratospheric trace constituents, part II: water vapor. J. Geophys. Res., in preparation.
- O'Sullivan, D.J. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1994: Seasonal development of
the extratropical QBO in a numerical model of the middle atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3706-3721.
PDF (1.10MB)
- O'Sullivan, D.J. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1995: Generation of
inertia-gravity waves in a simulated lifecycle of baroclinic
instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 3695-3716.
PDF (2.27MB)
- O'Sullivan, D.J. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1997: The influence of the
quasi-biennial oscillation on global constituent distributions. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21,731-21,743.
PDF (49.1MB)
- Ortland, D.A. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2004: The nonlinear evolution and
potential vorticity transport of symmetric equatorial inertial
instability. J. Atmos. Sci., submitted.
- Ortland, D.A. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2004: Stratospheric vacillation and the dynamics of annular mode variability. J. Atmos. Sci., in preparation.
- Pendlebury, D. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2004: Two-day wave as a barotropic instability. J. Atmos. Sci., in preparation.
- Sato, K. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1997: Estimates of momentum flux associated with equatorial Kelvin and gravity waves. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 26,247-26,261.
PDF (5.77MB)
- Sato, K., D.J. O'Sullivan and T.J. Dunkerton, 1997: Low-frequency
inertia-gravity waves in the stratosphere revealed by three-week
continuous observation with the MU radar. Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1739-1742.
PDF (1.63MB)
- Sato, K. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2002: Layered structure associated
with low potential vorticity near the tropopause seen in
high-resolution radiosondes over Japan. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2782-2800.
- Stanford, J.L. and T.J. Dunkerton, 1977: The character of
ultra-long stratospheric temperature waves during the 1973 Austral
winter. Beitrage zur Physik dur Atmosphare, 51, 174-188.
- Wirth, V. and T.J. Dunkerton, 2004: Axisymmetric nearly inviscid dynamics of monsoons and hurricanes: a unified perspective. J. Atmos. Sci., in preparation.
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